Hard Drawn Steel Wire

APPLICATION OF HARD DRAWN STEEL WIRE

TYPE	Application of Hard Drawn Steel Wire
SL	Tension, compression or torsion springs that are chiefly subjected to low static stress.
SM	Tension, compression or torsion springs that are subjected to medium-high static stresses or, rarely, dynamic stresses.
DM	Tension, compression or torsion springs that are subjected to medium-high dynamic stresses. Also for wire shapes that require severe bending.
SH	Tension, compression or torsion springs that are subjected to high static stresses or moderately dynamic stresses.
DH	Tension, compression and torsion springs that are mainly submitted to high static strains and to medium levels of dynamic strains.
CLASS II	Compression springs, extension springs,and torsion springs for high and dynamic stresses.

TYPES OF WIRES FOR SPRINGS. CLASSED ACCORDING TO EN 10270-1:

Tensile strength	Static conditions	Dynamic conditions
Low	SL	–
Medium	SM	DM
High	SH	DH

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF THE SL, SM, DM, SH AND DH STEEL WIRE TYPES EN 10270-1

Diameter of the wire d	Tensile strength Rm For steel wires of the type					CLASS II (approx.) ¹⁾	Minimum area reduction after Z break for SL, SM, SH, DM and DH wire types
Nominal value mm	SL	SM	DM	SH	DH e
Nominal value mm	MPa	MPa	MPa	MPa	MPa		%
d = 0.05	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3520	2700 – 3090
0.05 < d ≤ 0.06	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3520
0.06 < d ≤ 0.07	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3520
0.07 < d ≤ 0.08	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3480
0.08 < d ≤ 0.09	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3430
0.09 < d ≤ 0.10	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3380
0.10 < d ≤ 0.11	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3350
0.11 < d ≤ 0.12	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3320
0.12 < d ≤ 0.14	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3250
0.14 < d ≤ 0.16	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3200
0.16 < d ≤ 0.18	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3160
0.18 < d ≤ 0.20	–	–	–	–	2800 – 3110
0.20 < d ≤ 0.22	–	–	–	–	2770 – 3080
0.22 < d ≤ 0.25	–	–	–	–	2770 – 3010
0.25 < d ≤ 0.28	–	–	–	–	2680 – 2970
0.28 < d ≤ 0.30	–	2370 – 2650	2370 – 2650	2660 – 2940	2660 – 2940	2650 – 3040
0.30 < d ≤ 0.32	–	2350 – 2630	2350 – 2630	2640 – 2920	2640 – 2920
0.32 < d ≤ 0.34	–	2330 – 2600	2330 – 2600	2610 – 2890	2610 – 2890
0.34 < d ≤ 0.36	–	2310 – 2580	2310 – 2580	2590 – 2870	2590 – 2870
0.36 < d ≤ 0.38	–	2290 – 2560	2290 – 2560	2570 – 2850	2570 – 2850
0.38 < d ≤ 0.40	–	2270 – 2550	2270 – 2550	2560 – 2830	2560 – 2830
0.40 < d ≤ 0.43	–	2250 – 2520	2250 – 2520	2530 – 2800	2530 – 2800
0.43 < d ≤ 0.45	–	2240 – 2500	2240 – 2500	2510 – 2780	2510 – 2780	2650 – 2940
0.45 < d ≤ 0.48	–	2220 – 2480	2220 – 2480	2490 – 2760	2490 – 2760
0.48 < d ≤ 0.50	–	2200 – 2470	2200 – 2470	2480 – 2740	2480 – 2740
0.50 < d ≤ 0.53	–	2180 – 2450	2180 – 2450	2460 – 2720	2460 – 2720
0.53 < d ≤ 0.56	–	2170 – 2430	2170 – 2430	2440 – 2700	2440 – 2700	2550 – 2840
0.56 < d ≤ 0.60	–	2140 – 2400	2140 – 2400	2410 – 2670	2410 – 2670
0.60 < d ≤ 0.63	–	2130 – 2380	2130 – 2380	2390 – 2650	2390 – 2650
0.63 < d ≤ 0.65	–	2120 – 2370	2120 – 2370	2380 – 2640	2380 – 2640
0.65 < d ≤ 0.70	–	2090 – 2350	2090 – 2350	2360 – 2610	2360 – 2610
0.70 < d ≤ 0.75	–	2070 – 2320	2070 – 2320	2330 – 2580	2330 – 2580
0.75 < d ≤ 0.80	–	2050 – 2300	2050 – 2300	2310 – 2560	2310 – 2560	2500 – 2800	40
0.80 < d ≤ 0.85	–	2030 – 2280	2030 – 2280	2290 – 2530	2290 – 2530		40
0.85 < d ≤ 0.90	–	2010 – 2260	2010 – 2260	2270 – 2510	2270 – 2510		40
0.90 < d ≤ 0.95	–	2000 – 2240	2000 – 2240	2250 – 2490	2250 – 2490	2450 – 2750	40
0.95 < d ≤ 1.00	1720 – 1970	1980 – 2220	1980 – 2220	2230 – 2470	2230 – 2470		40
1.00 < d ≤ 1.05	1710 – 1950	1960 – 2200	1960 – 2200	2210 – 2450	2210 – 2450		40
1.05 < d ≤ 1.10	1690 – 1940	1950 – 2190	1950 – 2190	2200 – 2430	2200 – 2430		40
1.10 < d ≤ 1.20	1670 – 1910	1920 – 2160	1920 – 2160	2170 – 2400	2170 – 2400		40
1.20 < d ≤ 1.25	1660 – 1900	1910 – 2140	1910 – 2140	2150 – 2380	2150 – 2380	2350 – 2650	40
1.25 < d ≤ 1.30	1640 – 1890	1900 – 2130	1900 – 2130	2140 – 2370	2140 – 2370		40
1.30 < d ≤ 1.40	1620 – 1860	1870 – 2100	1870 – 2100	2110 – 2340	2110 – 2340		40
1.40 < d ≤ 1.50	1600 – 1840	1850 – 2080	1850 – 2080	2090 – 2310	2090 – 2310		40
1.50 < d ≤ 1.60	1590 – 1820	1830 – 2050	1830 – 2050	2060 – 2290	2060 – 2290	2260 – 2500	40
1.60 < d ≤ 1.70	1570 – 1800	1810 – 2030	1810 – 2030	2040 – 2260	2040 – 2260	2260 – 2500	40
1.70 < d ≤ 1.80	1550 – 1780	1790 – 2010	1790 – 2010	2020 – 2240	2020 – 2240	2210 – 2450	40
1.80 < d ≤ 1.90	1540 – 1760	1770 – 1990	1770 – 1990	2000 – 2220	2000 – 2220	2210 – 2450	40
1.90 < d ≤ 2.00	1520 – 1750	1760 – 1970	1760 – 1970	1980 – 2200	1980 – 2200	2110 – 2350	40
2.00 < d ≤ 2.10	1510 – 1730	1740 – 1960	1740 – 1960	1970 – 2180	1970 – 2180	2110 – 2350	40
2.10 < d ≤ 2.25	1490 – 1710	1720 – 1930	1720 – 1930	1940 – 2150	1940 – 2150	–	40
2.25 < d ≤ 2.40	1470 – 1690	1700 – 1910	1700 – 1910	1920 – 2130	1920 – 2130		40
2.40 < d ≤ 2.50	1460 – 1680	1690 – 1890	1690 – 1890	1900 – 2110	1900 – 2110		40
2.50 < d ≤ 2.60	1450 – 1660	1670 – 1880	1670 – 1880	1890 – 2100	1890 – 2100		40
2.60 < d ≤ 2.80	1420 – 1640	1650 – 1850	1650 – 1850	1860 – 2070	1860 – 2070	–	40
2.80 < d ≤ 3.00	1410 – 1620	1630 – 1830	1630 – 1830	1840 – 2040	1840 – 2040	–	40
3.00 < d ≤ 3.20	1390 – 1600	1610 – 1810	1610 – 1810	1820 – 2020	1820 – 2020	–	40
3.20 < d ≤ 3.40	1370 – 1580	1590 – 1780	1590 – 1780	1790 – 1990	1790 – 1990	–	40
3.40 < d ≤ 3.60	1350 – 1560	1570 – 1760	1570 – 1760	1770 – 1970	1770 – 1970	–	40
3.60 < d ≤ 3.80	1340 – 1540	1550 – 1740	1550 – 1740	1750 – 1950	1750 – 1950	–	40
3.80 < d ≤ 4.00	1320 – 1520	1530 – 1730	1530 – 1730	1740 – 1930	1740 – 1930	–	35
4.00 < d ≤ 4.25	1310 – 1500	1510 – 1700	1510 – 1700	1710 – 1900	1710 – 1900	–	35
4.25 < d ≤ 4.50	1290 – 1490	1500 – 1680	1500 – 1680	1690 – 1880	1690 – 1880	–	35
4.50 < d ≤ 4.75	1270 – 1470	1480 – 1670	1480 – 1670	1680 – 1860	1680 – 1860	–	35
4.75 < d ≤ 5.00	1260 – 1450	1460 – 1650	1460 – 1650	1660 – 1840	1660 – 1840	–	35
5.00 < d ≤ 5.30	1240 – 1430	1440 – 1630	1440 – 1630	1640 – 1820	1640 – 1820	–	35
5.30 < d ≤ 5.60	1230 – 1420	1430 – 1610	1430 – 1610	1620 – 1800	1620 – 1800	–	35
5.60 < d ≤ 6.00	1210 – 1390	1400 – 1580	1400 – 1580	1590 – 1770	1590 – 1770	–	35
6.00 < d ≤ 6.30	1190 – 1380	1390 – 1560	1390 – 1560	1570 – 1750	1570 – 1750	–	35
6.30 < d ≤ 6.50	1180 – 1370	1380 – 1550	1380 – 1550	1560 – 1740	1560 – 1740	–	35
6.50 < d ≤ 7.00	1160 – 1340	1350 – 1530	1350 – 1530	1540 – 1710	1540 – 1710	–	35
7.00 < d ≤ 7.50	1140 – 1320	1330 – 1500	1330 – 1500	1510 – 1680	1510 – 1680	–	30
7.50 < d ≤ 8.00	1120 – 1300	1310 – 1480	1310 – 1480	1490 – 1660	1490 – 1660	–	30
8.00 < d ≤ 8.50	1110 – 1280	1290 – 1460	1290 – 1460	1470 – 1630	1470 – 1630	–	30
8.50 < d ≤ 9.00	1090 – 1260	1270 – 1440	1270 – 1440	1450 – 1610	1450 – 1610	–	30
9.00 < d ≤ 9.50	1070 – 1250	1260 – 1420	1260 – 1420	1430 – 1590	1430 – 1590	–	30
9.50 < d ≤ 10.00	1060 – 1230	1240 – 1400	1240 – 1400	1410 – 1570	1410 – 1570	–	30
10.00 < d ≤ 10.50	–	1220 – 1380	1220 – 1380	1390 – 1550	1390 – 1550	–	30
10.50 < d ≤ 11.00	–	1210 – 1370	1210 – 1370	1380 – 1530	1380 – 1530	–	30
11.00 < d ≤ 12.00	–	1180 – 1340	1180 – 1340	1350 – 1500	1350 – 1500	–	30
12.00 < d ≤ 12.50	–	1170 – 1320	1170 – 1320	1130 – 1480	1130 – 1480	–	28
12.50 < d ≤ 13.00	–	1160 – 1310	1160 – 1310	1320 – 1470	1320 – 1470	–	28
13.00 < d ≤ 14.00	–	1130 – 1280	1130 – 1280	1290 – 1440	1290 – 1440	–	28
14.00 < d ≤ 15.00	–	1160 – 1260	1160 – 1260	1270 – 1410	1270 – 1410	–	28
15.00 < d ≤ 16.00	–	1090 – 1230	1090 – 1230	1240 – 1390	1240 – 1390	–	28
16.00 < d ≤ 17.00	–	1070 – 1210	1070 – 1210	1220 – 1360	1220 – 1360	–	28
17.00 < d ≤ 18.00	–	1050 – 1190	1050 – 1190	1200 – 1340	1200 – 1340	–	28
18.00 < d ≤ 19.00	–	1030 – 1170	1030 – 1170	1180 – 1320	1180 – 1320	–	28
19.00 < d ≤ 20.00	–	1020 – 1150	1020 – 1150	1160 – 1300	1160 – 1300	–	28

1) The values listed in DIN 17223:1964 were given in kg/mm2; the conversion performed is for guidance purposes.

PERMISSIBLE TENSILE STRENGTH RANGE (MPa) IN A SINGLE PACKAGE EN 10270-1:2011

Nominal diameter d mm	SL, SM, SH	DM, DH
d < 0.80	150	150
0.80 ≤ d < 1.60	120	100
1.60 ≤ d	120	70

The requirements are applicable to unit packages in which the mass in kilogrammes is not greater than the value 250 x d (d = wire diameter in mm) or a value of 1000 kg. In the case of coils with a higher mass, appropriate arrangements must be agreed.

HARD DRAWN STEEL WIRE – CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, MASS % EN 10270-1:2011

Designation	European Standard (EN)	C	Si	Mn	Max. P	Max. S	Max. Cu
		Chemical composition %
SL	EN 10270-1	0.35 – 1.00	0.10 – 0.30	0.40 – 1.20	0.035	0.035	0.20
SM	EN 10270-1	0.35 – 1.00	0.10 – 0.30	0.40 – 1.20	0.035	0.035	0.20
SH	EN 10270-1	0.35 – 1.00	0.10 – 0.30	0.40 – 1.20	0.035	0.035	0.20
DM	EN 10270-1	0.45 – 1.00	0.10 – 0.30	0.40 – 1.20	0.020	0.025	0.12
DH	EN 10270-1	0.45 – 1.00	0.10 – 0.30	0.40 – 1.20	0.020	0.025	0.12
CLASS II	DIN 17223:1964-1	values not guaranteed			0.030	0.030	0.12

Note- For diameters ≥ 1.6mm , the hard drawn steel wire can be supplied using patented or unpatented lead material.

DIAMETER TOLERANCES. PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS ACCORDING TO EN 10270-1

Diameter of the wire d
Nominal value mm	Permissible deviations mm
0.05 < d ≤ 0.09	± 0.003
0.09 < d ≤ 0.16	± 0.004
0.16 < d ≤ 0.25	± 0.005
0.25 < d ≤ 0.63	± 0.008
0.63 < d ≤ 0.75	± 0.010
0.75 < d ≤ 1.00	± 0.015
1.00 < d ≤ 1.20	± 0.020
1.20 < d ≤ 1.70	± 0.020
1.70 < d ≤ 2.60	± 0.025
2.60 < d ≤ 4.00	± 0.030
4.00 < d ≤ 5.30	± 0.035
5.30 < d ≤ 7.00	± 0.040
7.00 < d ≤ 9.00	± 0.045
9.00 < d ≤ 10.00	± 0.050
10.00 < d ≤ 11.00	± 0.070
11.00 < d ≤ 14.00	± 0.080
14.00 < d ≤ 18.00	± 0.090
18.00 < d ≤ 20.00	± 0.100

OVALITY

The difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the wire in the same cross section must be no greater than 50% of the total permissible deviation specified on the mechanical properties table.

WHEN SUPPLIED IN RODS. STRAIGHTENED WIRE:

Nominal diameter d mm	Diameter tolerance ^a) mm		Supply capacity ^b) mm.
Nominal diameter d mm	Lower tolerance	Higher tolerance	Minimum length	Maximum length
0.65 ≤ d < 0.80	-0.010	+0.022	50	2000
0.80 ≤ d < 1.01	-0.015	+0,030	30	2000
1.01 ≤ d < 1.35	-0.020	+0,040
1.35 ≤ d < 1.78	-0.020	+0,045
1.78 ≤ d < 2.01	-0.025	+0,055
2.01 ≤ d < 2.35	-0.025	+0,060	30	4000
2.35 ≤ d < 2.78	-0.025	+0,065
2.78 ≤ d < 3.01	-0.030	+0,075
3.01 ≤ d < 3.35	-0.030	+0,080	30	4000
3.35 ≤ d < 4.01	-0.030	+0,090
4.01 ≤ d < 4.35	-0.035	+0,100
4.35 ≤ d < 5.01	-0.035	+0,110	30	4350
5.01 ≤ d < 5.45	-0.035	+0,120
5.45 ≤ d < 6.01	-0.040	+0,130
6.01 ≤ d < 7.12	-0.040	+0.150	250	4350
7.12 ≤ d < 7.67	-0.045	+0,160
7.67 ≤ d < 9.01	-0.045	+0,180
9.01 ≤ d < 10.01	-0.050	+0,200
10.01 ≤ d < 10.50	-0.070	+0,240

a) Diameter tolerances of straightened and cut lengths according to EN 10270-1
b) Approximate data for information purposes.

STANDARD LENGTH TOLERANCES

NOMINAL LENGTH	TOLERANCE
L < = 1000 mm.	+/- 1 mm.
1000 < L < = 4000	– 0mm. / +3 mm.

COATINGS SUBJECT TO STANDARDS:

Coating		Description
Phosphated	ph	The wire is treated in a solution so that a layer of phosphated metal forms on its surface.
Galvanising	Z	The surface is coated in a layer of zinc.
Zinc – Aluminium	ZA	The surface is coated in a layer of Zn 95 / Al 5(%)
Reddish	rd	The surface is coated with a thin layer of copper, normally a conversion coating.
Coppery	Cu	The surface is coated in a thick (even) layer of copper

MINIMUM COATING DENSITY REQUIRED OF ZINC OR ZINC/ALUMINIUM EN 10270-1

Nominal diameter d mm	Minimum coating density ^{a) b)} g/m²
0.20 ≤ d < 0.25	20
0.25 ≤ d < 0.40	25
0.40 ≤ d < 0.50	30
0.50 ≤ d < 0.60	35
0.60 ≤ d < 0.70	40
0.70 ≤ d < 0.80	45
0.80 ≤ d < 0.90	50
0.90 ≤ d < 1.00	55
1.00 ≤ d < 1.20	60
1.20 ≤ d < 1.40	65
1.40 ≤ d < 1.65	70
1.65 ≤ d < 1.85	75
1.85 ≤ d < 2.15	80
2.15 ≤ d < 2.50	85
2.50 ≤ d < 2.80	95
2.80 ≤ d < 3.20	100
3.20 ≤ d < 3.80	105
3.80 ≤ d < 10.00	110

a) The requirements regarding zinc coatings fall within class C in Standard EN 10244-2:2009.
b) If different coating weights are required, priority will be given to the reference coating weights established in Standard En 10244-2 (for example: class D of standard En 10244-2:2009).

SALT SPRAY TEST

Minimum coating density in order to achieve a certain number of hours. (Data provided for information purposes only)

GALVANISED COATING		Zn – Al COATING
Exposure time (hours)	Density of Zn (g/m2)	Exposure time (hours)	Density of Zn – Al (g/m2)
36	80	–	–
48	90	120	>40
72	105	240	>60
96	125	264	>75
120	165	288	>85
144	195	312	>100
168	220	360	>110
192	240	408	>125

The Zn – Al coating offers corrosion resistance that is 2 to 3 times higher than zinc in a salt spray test (NaCl) and in a SO2 atmosphere.

APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS

DESIGNATION	EN STANDARD	DIN	ASTM	G-3506 / G3522	GB / T 4357
	EUROPEAN		AMERICAN	JAPANESE	CHINESE
SL	EN 10270-1	CLASS A	A 227	SWB	SL
SM	EN 10270-1	CLASS B	A 227	SWC	SM
SH	EN 10270-1	CLASS C	A 228	SWP-B	SH
DM	EN 10270-1	–	A 227	–	–
DH	EN 10270-1	CLASS D	A 228	SWP-B	DH
CLASS II	DIN 17223:1964-1	CLASS II	–	–	–

HARD DRAWN STEEL WIRE: MECHANICAL STRENGTH AND TOUGHNESS

SPECIFICATIONS AND FINISHES

At VINCO we are specialists in the supply of wire and we have three types: round, square and flat wire. In addition, you can also order wire rod according to you r needs. Consult the capacities section where the measurements and images of each one of them are specified.

The chemical composition of the different drawn steel wires available in our catalogue is governed by the EN 10270-1:2011 standard, which refers to steel wires for mechanical springs. The products we supply from VINCO are mainly focused on stamping and electrocomponent parts, as well as works related to the automotive sector and other general applications.

Hard drawn steel wire has several coating options, which are listed in the standard: phosphated, galvanised, zinc-aluminium, reddish and copper. For the zinc-aluminium coating, the minimum coating masses depending on the nominal diameter of the drawn wire are defined in the finishing section of the product data sheet. In addition, salt spray tests are also carried out to test the materials against corrosion under extreme conditions, especially in coastal environments. In this test, the exposure period has been taken into account to determine the minimum coating mass in the case of galvanised and zinc-aluminium coating. The latter has a corrosion resistance 2-3 times higher than the zinc coating (in a fog test and in a S02 atmosphere).
In addition to the coatings listed in the Standard, VINCO offers you other options so that you can apply them in different conditions: tin plating, brass plating, electro-zinc plating, nickel plating and plastic plating in different colours.

TYPES OF PACKAGING AND SUPPLY FOR DRAWN WIRE

The packaging options we have available for drawn wire are specified, together with the maximum weight in kg, in the following table:

Packaging format	Maximum weight in kg
Roll	500
Z-coil with horizontal or vertical axis orientation	800
Plastic reel DIN 300	17
Plastic reel DIN 355	45
Metallic reel DIN 560 G200/32	150
Metallic reel G240/40	300
Metallic reel DIN 760 G280/40	400
Metallic reel G360/40	450
Wooden reel G240/40	300
Wooden reel G360/40	300
Rods	–

In addition to the type of packaging, we offer different supply possibilities to adapt to the needs of each customer, such as the type of palletisation – square or round – and the orientation of the axis of the reels – horizontal or vertical axis. Along with these packaging and supply options, at VINCO we have different protection elements to preserve all the properties of our wires during the shipping process: lid, VCI damp-proof paper, VCI damp-proof plastic, phytosanitary packaging, maritime packaging and damp-proof sacks.

Consult our team of professionals to resolve any doubts or queries you may have: write to us at info@vinco.es or call (+34) 94 412 33 99. We will be delighted to help you!